Divisions of Diet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Divisions of Diet - Essay Example For underweight people, gaining weight is recommended. However, for those people that are already overweight, gaining more weight increases their risk to various diseases. When gaining weight, it is important that an individual sticks to healthy diet. Gaining weight should also be gradual until an individual achieves their ideal weight (Gabler 20). There are different types of food that might help an individual to gain weight in a healthy way. Foods such as chips, sweets, cakes, and other high calorie junk foods full of saturated fat and sugar only leads to the increase of body fat and not lean body mass. Instead of these, individuals should consume healthy foods that are highest in calories and nutrients (Gabler 22). Fats from plants are healthy and can help one to gain weight in a healthy way. These include nuts, peanuts, seeds, almond butter, hummus, seeds, peanut butter, and oils. On the other hand, animal fats equally contain fats, though these are high in cholesterol. Individuals wishing to gain weight should also drink more high-calorie juices. High calorie foods play an important role in weight gain. For instance, an individual can eat breads, including mainly dense breads, as opposed to white breads. Dense cold cereals such as granola and grape nuts, instead of flaked or puffed cereals are also a good source of high calories. Vegetables are also a good source of calories. However, one must choose starchy vegetables such as carrots, peas, potatoes, and winter squash, as opposed to watery vegetables such as zucchini, cucumbers, and green beans (UCCS Web). Gaining weight is also made possible by consuming fruits, which are high in calories. Such fruits include bananas, pineapples, apples, and pears, as well as all other dried fruits such as raisins, dried apricots, and dates. These have more calories as opposed to watery fruits such as oranges, plums, peaches,

Analysis paper (speech) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Analysis paper (speech) - Essay Example The main challenge that I still face is in credibility and ethics concerned. In presentation of the purpose and the topic is an important element in ensuring that the audience connected with it. This is a major and most important in determining communication success. It includes elements of keeping the message clear, good preparation, keeping the message simple, natural concise and being vivid while presenting the topic (Pearson). It is evident from the speech about public policy that there is a good introduction of the topic. It begins with an attention getter. This attracts the attention of the audience, this shows how prepared you are. The introductory statement begins by what the speech is all about i.e. the need for public policy in governance. The speech on how to prepare for a job search begins by outlining the purpose of the speech. The introduction of the thesis also shows the level of the subject understood and the need to accomplish the objective. Thesis gives an outline of what is required and provides the roadmap for the presentation (Pearson). Pearson argues that the presentation of logistics and occasion is a major determination speech presentation. Logistics aims at convincing the audience on the importance and practicability of a topic. A convincing speech is not just easy to develop but requires numerous practices and testing before the actual presentation. The structure of any speech should define and cohere with the purpose and the targeted audience. Such determinations are usually instrumental in identifying the appropriate language and expression to employ in the process (Pearson). The logistic in the speech presented in a manner that they match the occasion. In the job seeking, speech it is quoted that one should ‘identify goals, values, achievements, experiences, interest, and skills’. This statement gives the relevance and the logistics of the speech. It summarises the main points that are important while

Accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 15

Accounting - Essay Example On April 16, 2010 the company release a news story that showcase one of its new innovative products called milk bags. The news release may have influenced the price of the common stock. J Sainsbury plc is the United Kingdom’s biggest player in the food industry with a market share of 16%. In 2009 the company achieved total revenues of 18,911 million pounds. The revenue total was 6% higher than in 2008. Normally greater revenues lead to better bottom line results. In the case of Sainsbury the greater revenues did not help the company improve its performance since its net profits decreased between 2009 and 2008. In 2009 the firm had net income of 289 million pounds, a figure that is 40 million pounds lower than the previous year. The net margin of the company was 1.53%, while the industry norm is 1.4% (Dun & Bradstreet, 2010). The return on equity and return on assets of the company were 6.88% and 2.88%. Both figures were lower than the industry average of 11.9% and 5.5% (Dun & Bradstreet, 2010). The current ratio of the company which shows that ability of the firm to pay its short term debt was 0.55. The current ratio industry norm is 1.9 (Dun & Bradstreet, 2 010). The results means the firm is underperforming in comparison with the industry and that the firm is at risk of having cash flow problems. The stock price of the company during April faced upwards tendencies. These types of movement are short term fluctuations. Based on the fact that the company is facing liquidity problems and the bad profitability results in terms in relation to its assets and equity I would not invest in the common stock of

The challenges and opportunities for healthcare services in the future Essay

The challenges and opportunities for healthcare services in the future - Essay Example e first aid services to all sick or injured people, provide programs for the prevention and control of communicable diseases, control of endemic diseases, and offer generic medical advice1. However, health care services are facedwith many challenges presented by demographic and economic pressures. On the objective side, many opportunities can help healthcare services to develop and improve. Health care was and will continue to be one of the important sources in promoting the physical health and the wellbeing of people all over the world. However, with the advent of numerous healthcare changes, the sector of healthcare as well as the people who are working in healthcare service is continually presented with many challenges and the opportunities. This paper will discuss in detail the challenges and the opportunities for health care services in the future. It will have a deeper look at three main topics: technology and research, people and chronic disease, and working environment. It will address the challenges and the opportunities in each of these topics2. The world health organization has focused on establishing factors that contribute to the high preference of chronic diseases in their recent past. According to WHO, food determinants are a critical determinant of the health of any individual. An increased consumption of fast foods and a high preference for unhealthy foods has contributed to the souring occurrences of chronic diseases. Diseases such as cancer, diabetes, high blood pressure and liver and kidney diseases are attributable to an unhealthy eating pattern. The need for adoption of healthy eating patterns cannot be over emphasized3. Food habits have a direct correlation to the body mass index which is a reflection of one’s susceptibility to chronic diseases4. This is to say that, people with poor eating habits register high BMIs, high cholesterol levels and are susceptible to obesity. If such trends persist then the future will present a higher

Hybrid Cars Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Hybrid Cars - Essay Example These hybrid cars can prove to be useful in many different ways which include the environmental factors along with the factors of scarce resources. Hybrid cars have features which help reduce pollution from the environment and are also economically feasible as compared to the conventional cars. With the increase in the prices of fuel as well as the reduction in the amount of natural resources, the popularity of these hybrid cars is increasing every day. As compared to traditional cars there are two main advantages of hybrid cars. One is that it emits less carbon dioxide which makes it an environmental friendly car. The second advantage is that it has higher fuel efficiency that can help people save sufficient amount of money and thus it can be counted as an economic advantage of these cars. In present times when world’s economy is in crucial state, every dollar matters and this has become the most important benefit of these vehicles (Hantula 2009). Some of the other benefits o f these cars are their smart styling, their well equipped interiors and their up to date safety features. In the long run hybrid cars are more of a practical choice to opt for because of low fuel cost and low emissions. Hybrid cars are more competent because of their light weight due to the usage of light weight materials in its structure. Hybrid cars capture, accumulate and recycle the kinetic energy that is produced from the car’s brakes (Congress House 2010). Hybrid cars have the ability to save energy in a very efficient way. They can switch their power on and off according to the usage of the car. If the car is standing in an area full of traffic, the car automatically turns off its power and saves energy. When the accelerator is pressed the engine automatically starts again and thus this saves energy. These cars can be said to be energy efficient considering these factors. These cars also have batteries which have a long life. The tires which are used in these cars have low resistance which reduces energy loss. All this helps this car to accelerate and drive up on higher plains easily. In this way these cars can achieve greater speed which decreases the fuel consumption and also less energy is wasted. There are also certain disadvantages attached to hybrid cars. The major drawback of hybrid vehicles is that they are still quite expensive. This is because of the fact that its production costs are very high due to using uncommon equipment for example dysprosium which is used in the manufacturing of highly developed electric motors and many more. The maintenance of hybrid cars can be very expensive as well. As for now these cars are not that common so it is difficult to find garages which have necessary materials to service them. Hence taking them to the producer can be very expensive. Even though these cars are gradually gaining popularity but there are still factors that make traditional cars more feasible as compared to them. Hence, because of the se reasons hybrid cars cannot fully compete with gasoline powered cars. When the cost of production of these vehicles would be lowered as compared to other cars the production would also rise. Once the supply rises the price would go down and the demand would rise. The exact time of this happening cannot be told but when this happens new mode of researches to

Formation and retention of nutrients Essay Example for Free

Formation and retention of nutrients Essay The world is ridden with many resources that are often taken for granted. Some of these resources have to be dug up or mined, but many are spread out all over the land for the taking. One of these natural gifts that has found indispensable use in our society is peat. Peat is a combination of various things, mostly vegetable and plant matter that has decayed over millions of years. (Smith) The proper term for this process is carbonization, and while peat has yet to completely carbonize into coal, this can take thousands of years more. (Smith) Although peat is composed of many other vegetation decaying over the years, most of it is moss. (Smith) The decay of these materials occurs â€Å"mostly under anaerobic (oxygen-deficient) conditions†. (LMU) Peat in its raw form contains 96% water (LMU) and is harvested primarily for fuel and agricultural (fertilizer) purposes. (Smith) The process of peat decay causes the material to â€Å"store organic carbon which is released into the atmosphere as carbon dioxide or methane, greenhouse gasses that affect global climate. † (LMU) The gases released by peat as it decomposes are highly flammable. However, peat, in its natural form is totally harmless because it is â€Å"too wet to burn†. (LMU) In certain cases where the natural state of peat is disturbed it becomes vulnerable to fire, which is often the cause of forest fires or fires commonly occurring in wetlands. This can be very dangerous because burning peat can release smoke that contains aerosols and toxic gases, which can result to respiratory diseases and problems. (LMU) Peat is best harvested, obviously, after hundreds of thousands of years, or the time it takes for the materials to totally decompose. Peat bogs have a surface living layer that gets destroyed when mature peat, beneath the living layer is harvested. (LMU) Of the many uses of peat, fuel is the most common. In remote areas where there are no other resources, peat is used for energy production. (LMU) Peat is â€Å"shown to be an economical alternative to oil or coal-fired electric-power generating stations in some circumstances† (LMU) and it is also used to produce methanol. Peat can also be used as garden fertilizer as it is an efficient moisture retainer. Using it in gardens can promote the formation and retention of nutrients. Some companies also use peat as a raw material in producing biodegradable planters. (Smith) â€Å"Peat can also be used to make paper, pad livestock beds, or pack products for shipment. † (LMU) Peat is also a decorative implement in creating handicraft and artwork. Many handmade crafts and arts use peat as an aesthetically pleasing accent. Peat is an irreplaceable resource, if not for eternity, for this generation at least, because it will take hundreds of thousands of years in the future for other peat layers to form. However, peat is abundant nowadays in many countries all over the world, but the indiscriminate harvesting of this resource can lead to ecological imbalance and eventually, its irreversible depletion. Like any other natural resource, peat should be harvested reasonably to preserve existing peat bogs and ensure that plenty will be available for future generations to use. Like oil, which is a fossil fuel, peat has to be harvested with much discretion because once all of it is gone, we will all have to wait for hundreds of thousands of years to harvest it again – surely, none of us can live that long.

The Sand Mining In Kalu Ganga Environmental Sciences Essay

The Sand Mining In Kalu Ganga Environmental Sciences Essay 01. Kalu Ganga considered as one of the major river in Sri Lanka. It started from Idikatupana in Samanala Mountain and discharged at Kalutara. It is 126 Km long and covered Sbaragamuwa and Western Providences including Ratnapura, Horana and Kalutara. 02. Kalu Ganga is one of the most important Rivers in Sri Lanka which receives very high rainfalls and has higher discharges. Due to its hydrological and topographical characteristics, the lower flood plain suffers from frequent floods and it affects socio-economic profile greatly. 03. Kalu Ganga basin is the second largest river basin in Sri Lanka covering 2766 km2 and much of the catchment is located in the highest rainfall area of the country, which reflects the high annual rainfall. The annual rainfall in the basin is averaged to 4000 mm and leads to 4000 million m3 of annual flow. 04. Indiscriminate river sand mining in Sri Lanka has caused a number of environmental problems such as erosion of river banks, destruction of bridges and roads, sea water intrusion to the coconut and paddy lands, and deterioration of river water quality used for drinking and bathing. However, despite the concerns of authorities and environmental groups, sand mining is continuing at an alarming rate as miners and other beneficiaries still appreciate the private profitability at the expense of long-term environmental costs. 05. On the other hand, blanket recommendations to banning of river sand mining lead to loss of income opportunities of the people, who involved in various activities related to sand mining, and increase the construction costs. CHAPTER 2 AIM 01. The aim of this paper is to convince the reader to impact of sand mining affect on the Kalu River and problems occurred due to sand mining activities. Statement OF PROBLEM 02. With the incensement of the constriction works in Western and Sbaragamuwa provinces annual requirement of sand is increased. In order to fulfill the required demand, sand mining activities also increased in Kalu River. These sand mining activities are caused number of environmental and social problems. Some of these problems are erosion of river bank, sea water intrusion to the agriculture lands and loss of habitant, problem and destruction of road and bridges, and deteriorations of quality of drinking water. Due to excessive sand mining activities this problem also increases rapidly. RESEARCH HYPOTHESES 03. By reducing sand mining activities can be reducing the damage to the environment, save capital for repairing and construction of new road net work and brigs. It is also can up lift social condition of the people who living in these areas. METHODOLOGY 04. This study will be based on data collection form government organization and, people who presently living affected areas and documentary sources. 05. Primary source of collection of information was based on documentary sources including publications, Newspaper articles and information were taken by surfing through the Internet. 06. Secondary source Data obtained from Ministry of Environmental and Geological Survey and Mining Bureau, Visiting to people living in kalu River area. Data obtained from irrigation department. SCOPE OF THE STUDY 07. The scope of the study covers the affect of environment and social problem, because of sand mining activities in Kalu River. STRUCTURE OF THE PAPER 08. The paper will be structured as follows: a. Chapter I. The first chapter will contain the introduction to the paper. b. Chapter II. The second chapter will contain the Methodology of the study and will comprise of the following: (1) Aim (2) Statement of the Problem (3) Research hypothesis (4) Scope of the study (5) Method of data collection (6) Structure of the paper c. Chapter III. Back ground d. Chapter IV. Data e. Chapter V. Analysis f. Chapter VI. Conclusion and recommendation OBJECTIVES 09. General Objectives: To analyze the social and environmental affect and by introducing alternative methods to minimize sand mining activities, to reduce social and environmental are issues. 10. Specific Objectives To analyze what are the problem mainly affected because of sand mining. To analyze how these problems effected to people in this areas. To analyze how these problems effected to government. To introduce suitable solution for the reduce sand mining activities in Kalu River. DATA COLLECTION METHODS 11. Visiting sand mining site (licensed and illegal) in Kalutara and Ratnapura district. 12. Data obtained from Ministry of Environmental and Geological Survey and Mining Bureau. 13. Visiting to people living in kalu River area. 14. Books, News papers, Internet, etc. LIMITATIONS 15. The time available to conduct this research will be only 3 months. The length of the paper will be limited to 5000 words, and it will not be possible to collect data from all the reliable sources. Area of research 16. This research was conducted in Kalutara district covering mast of the areas of sand mining taking palace in Kalu River. The area included Kalutara to Ingiriya along the Kalu River. CHAPTER 3 BACK GROUND 01. The demand required for sand construction works within the country is more than five million cubic meters or eight million ton of sand mine and sold per year. This sand quantity values nearly 16 billion. This high demanding for market of sand led to mining the sand significantly in most of the areas of Kalu River. Not only the deposited sand mining, river bed sand mining as well as river bank sand removal also increased. The river sand mining highly affect to the natural equilibrium of the Kalu River. 02. There are some other important rivers in Sri Lanka also facing to this environmental and social problem in various scales. It is estimated that sand mining in Kalu River has increased by three times in last few years. Over mining in the river causes many problems like deteriorations of quality of drinking water supply due to sea water intrusion to the Kalu River, collapse of river bank and loss of river land. Considering the importance factors of scientific assessment on the environmental degradation consequent to unsystematic sand mining, an effort has made in this research study to recognize remedial and environmental impacts in Kalu River basin due to sand mining. 03. Sand mining is continuing to be a major environment hazard in many parts of Sri Lanka especially due to the unprecedented increase in demand to the civil contraction activities in the infrastructure and housing sector. 04. Substitute for river sand is sea sand which available in the market. However industry prefers river sand due to problems of salinity and the need to dry sea sand to reduce deleterious material. Anther substitute is crashed quartzite rock (impure are from silica) available in form of ridges especially in the hill country as well as Polonnaruwa and Dambulla area. 05. This issue as highlighted in this paragraph is the question of who is legislatively authorized to regulate the mining of river sand. In this content I shall quote from the cost conservation Act No 57 of 1991. Costal zone is defined as the area lying with in a limited of three hundred meters land wards of mean high water line and limit of two kilo Meters seaward from the mean low water line. 06. In cause of river, streams, or any other body of water connected to the sea either permanently or periodically the landward boundary extended to limit of two kilo Meters measured perpendicular to the straight base line drown between natural entrance point and includes water of such river, streams and lagoons or any other body of water so connected to the sea. 07. Under mines and mineral Act NO 33 of 1992 the Geological survey and mines bureau (GSMB) could also issue sand mining permits in the foreshore or sea bed with in the sand mining with in the meaning of crown land ordinance (chapter 454) with the approval of the minister of cost conservation. This act was amended by Act NO 66 Geological survey and mines bureau in 2009. 08. There are some ambiguities related to the regulation of activities in the costal zone and river bank as well as beds. However it must be stressed that all mining activities should be under the Mines Bureau administration by the mines and mineral Act. CHAPTER 4 DATA PRESENT SITUATION Method of sand mining 01. There are three method used for sand mining. Sand mining near to river bank Sand mining in depth water (5 ft to 10 ft)using sand mining bucket with rod (Bonderi method) Sand mining in river bed using boats 02. Considering these there methods, sand mining using boats was prominent in Kalu River. This method was mostly affected for the mining sand in Kalu River. This was done by following sequence. Bring the boat to places were sand are collected. Look for suitable place and place bamboo rod in that place. Take the basket and dive to the water and find were sand available. Takes sand and fill in to the boat. Take down to the river bank and down load to the Lorries or places were sand selling. Sand mining quantities 03. There are different between sand mining quantities and location and people are used for sand mining in place to place and it is generally. 1 Â ½ 2 Volume of cub boat 6 men involued. 1 or less Volume of cub small boat 4 men involved. Most of the boats mining sand about 4 -6 cub of sand per day 04. Considering Kalutara district there are 471 licensed sand mining places according to the GSMB. These places are in Kalutara, MIllaniya, Dodangoda, Madurawala, Bulathsinhala and Ingiriya. GA divisions. Sand mining places in Kalu River in Kalutara district 05. These are the licensed sand mining places in Kalutara district Millaniya 150 Dodangoda 138 Kalutara 061 Madurawala 075 Walalavita 040 Palindanuwara 068 Pandura 007 Ingiriya 037 Bulathsighala 076 06. During year 2010 GSMB was carried out survey on volume of deposited sand in Kalu River. This was carried out two Engineers of GSMB Mr Rgive and Mr Janaka (Mining Engineers). According to there observation this was the result Quantity of sand deposits in Kalu River in a year 120,000 Cub Quantity that mining at kalu River 178,000 Cub 07. According to there are results more than 78,000 Cub of sand adequately mining in Kalu River in yearly? Other livelihoods from depend on sand mining 08. There are few people who depend on sand mining on Kalu River they are sand transporters, small hotels poor people who and supply sand buckets, Environmental Damage due to sand mining 09. River sand is mined for used in the building industry. In a few location it can be even be beneficial by lowering the river bed and reducing flooding. Because of mining of Sand, River bed is lowering and it increases the volume of the water it can hold. Because of that during heavy rain this can be prevent form food. In 2003 food in Ratnapura is about 33 ft but in Tebuwana area it was only 15 ft. 10. Current level of extraction in inappropriate location such as Millaniya, Aguruwathota, Tebuwana and Kalutara has however led to serious environmental impacts. Sand mining has damaged river banks deepened the river and increased costal erosion. Costal erosion arises because river sand replaces sand lost from the beach by reducing wave reaction. 11. Because of the people near river bank are already lost there soil to kalu river and they not allow to mind sand near there lands. From there social problem will occurred and some incident went up to lost of lives. 12. Sand mining by lowering the river bed facilitates intrusion of sea water. Salt water intrusion up stream during the dry season long Kalu River in Kalutara district, intruding salt water enters irrigation system destroying vegetation. In addition, the water table can become saline and affected wells. 13. In dry season people living in this are facing anther problem lowering of water level in there wells. Because of sand mining Kalu River bed lowering in dry season level of water also lower then years a go. Some places people are facing in difficulty to get water for there day today requirement. 14. The biggest environment issue in Kalu River is river bank erosion. Because of sand mining activities, river bed was deepened. This will create unstable river bank. The bank collapsed in to the river. This happen most of the places in Kalu River, this cant be stopped by planting bamboo trees after flood bamboo trees also collapsed in to the river because of it roots are insufficient to take the strength. 15. The damage to the National infrastructure such as road net work and bridges are prominent in Kalu River. Due to collapse of river bank total loss of national infrastructure due to sand mining has never been comprehensively assessed. An estimate of replacement of endangered bridge would cost millions. In Kalu river between Tebuwana and Narthupana there are three endanger bridges. In one place contraction of damaged road was presently going on according to there view this damage cost mare than 10 Million. 16. Indiscriminate river sand mining in Kalu River has caused anther environmental problems deterioration of river water quality used for drinking and bathing because of mixing of sea water. Sand mining is continuing at an alarming rate as miners and other beneficiaries still appreciate the private profitability at the expense of long-term Research done by Open University biology student Mr Chirath Bratha regarding animal and plant volume in a sand mining place and non sand mining place and other details are as follows. The research was done for 1000 ml of water Sand mining place Non sand mining place Water 290 ml 100 ml Find sand 260 ml 250 ml Core sand 260 ml 200 ml Gravel 190 ml 180 ml Other partials 270 ml Species Sand mining place Non sand mining place Puntiours Nigrofaciatus (Bulath hapaya ) 03 Puntious titteya (Le tittaya) 02 10 Puntious Cumigii(Pottaya) 01 03 Darra Ceylonensis (Patirana salaya) 08 Danio pathirama (cheep) 01 Oryzias Melastigma (Hada tittaya) 02 08 Horadania Atokorali (Hora Dandiya) 01 07 This was done by duration one hour Feather he measured Oxysigen percentages in these two places, were sand mining and not mining places. Percentage of Oxygen Places of Sand minims activities took placed for 100 ml 21 mg Percentage of Oxygen places were sand not mining placed .81 mg CHAPTER 5 ANALYSIS 01. According to the dates from and mining places, they will mine sand on about six month per year but according to the people living in this are it was Eight to Nine months. This is an indication of sand mining owners are mining sand excessively. 02. The data will be analyzed using simple descriptive statistics to get a general picture to generate realistic implications.